Frequently Asked Questions about Breast Cancer

About 1 in 8 U.S. women (about 12%) will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of her lifetime. In 2019, an estimated 268,600 new cases of invasive breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S., along with 62,930 new cases of non-invasive (in situ) breast cancer.

A diagnosis of breast cancer is not a death sentence. When breast cancer is found early, the survival rate is high. That is why it is so important to practice early detection methods like annual mammograms, age 40 and over.

The two most significant risk factors are being female and getting older. The majority of women diagnosed with breast cancer have no other known risk factors.

All women are at risk of developing breast cancer. Speak to your health care provider who will talk with you about your family history and your own individual risk factors.

Age is the number one risk factor for breast cancer. Older women are much more likely to get breast cancer than younger women. Most breast cancers (about 80%) occur in women ages 50 and older. About 5% of all breast cancer cases occur in women under the age of 40. It is recommended that women start annual mammography at age 40.

Yes, male breast cancer makes up less than one percent of all cases of breast cancer.

More Hispanic women are diagnosed at a later stage than Caucasian, when cancer is harder to treat.

Yes, although the incidence of breast cancer is lower in African-American women than white women, the mortality or death rate is higher.

Several studies indicate that women who exercise at moderate to vigorous levels (3-4 hours per week) may reduce their risk level. 

What we eat affects our health and well-being. Research is suggesting that a diet rich in fruits, vegetables and grains may play a role in reducing the risk of breast cancer.  Moderation is the key. 

Being overweight is linked to elevated risk, especially in older women, due to higher estrogen levels.

Some studies suggest that drinking one or more alcoholic drinks a day may increase your risk.

A woman’s risk of breast cancer approximately doubles if she has a first-degree relative (mother, sister or daughter) who has been diagnosed with breast cancer. Researchers have identified specific genes linked to breast cancer. Tests are available for those who choose to find out if they have inherited the genetic changes that increase risk. A doctor or genetics counselor can provide more information on the risks, benefits and consequences of genetic testing.

If you are 40 or older you should get a mammogram every year.  If you are under 40 and have a family history of breast cancer or have other concerns about your personal risk, you should consult a trained medical professional about when to begin getting a mammogram.

Pre-menopausal women have dense breast tissue that can make the evaluation of mammograms less sensitive. If a breast abnormality is found during a self-exam or regular physical, an evaluation may include the use of an ultrasound and a mammogram even in women under the age of 40.

A screening mammogram is an x-ray of the breast used to detect breast changes in women who have no signs or symptoms of breast cancer. With a mammogram it is possible to detect micro-calcifications (tiny deposits of calcium which sometimes are a clue to the presence of breast cancer) or a tumor that cannot be felt.

There are Cancer Services Partnership Programs across New York State that provide free or low cost mammography. Call the Adelphi Statewide Hotline (800-877-8077) for information about this and other government and local assistance programs.

Be there to listen and let them express their feelings. Offer specific help with household chores, meals, transportation, childcare, etc. Take your cues from them; let them tell you what they need. Let feelings be expressed. Be there. Don’t make them feel there is a “right” and a “wrong” choice. Don’t share horror stories. Above all, don’t avoid them and don’t be surprised if they have mood swings, or seem sad – it’s normal.